Substance Dualism: | Mind and body are two different things. (Descartes, Moreland) |
Idealism: | Minds and their ideas are all that exist. "Bodies" are just certain ideas in minds. (Berkeley) |
Physicalism: | There is no mental substance. "Minds" are just physical things. (Churchland) |
Identity Theory: | "Mental states are physical states of the brain." (P 254a) (a version of physicalism) |
Property Dualism: | Mental states are non-physical properties of the brain. |
Functionalism: | A mental state is any state that plays a certain causal role (function) in behavior. |