1. Respecting Legal Rights

"[I]t is mostly considered unjust to deprive anyone of his personal liberty, his property, or any other thing which belongs to him by law. . . . [I]t is just to respect, unjust to violate the legal rights of anyone."

2. Respecting Moral Rights

"When . . . a law is thought to be unjust, it seems always to be regarded as being so in the same way in which a breach of law is unjust, namely, by infringing somebody's right, which, as it cannot in this case be a legal right, receives a different appellation and is called a moral right. [A] second case of injustice consists in taking or withholding from any person that to which he has a moral right."

3. Awarding by Desert

"[I]t is universally considered just that each person should obtain that (whether good or evil) which he deserves, and unjust that he should obtain a good or be made to undergo an evil which he does not deserve. This is, perhaps, the clearest and most emphatic form in which the idea of justice is conceived by the general mind."

4. Fidelity

"[I]t is confessedly unjust to break faith with anyone: to violate an engagement, either express or implied, or disappoint expectations raised by our own conduct, at least if we have raised those expectations knowingly and voluntarily."

5. Impartiality

"[I]t is . . . inconsistent with justice to be partial--to show favor or preference to one person over another in matters to which favor and preference do not apply. . . . Impartiality . . . as an obligation of justice, may be said to mean being exclusively influenced by the considerations which it is supposed ought to influence the particular case in hand, and resisting solicitation of any motives which prompt to conduct different from what those considerations would dictate."

6. Equality

"Nearly allied to the idea of impartiality is that of equality, which often enters as a component part both in the conception of justice and into the practice of it, and, in the eyes of many persons, constitutes its essence. . . . Each person maintains that equality is the dictate of justice, except where he thinks that expediency requires inequality."